Rajasthan High Court

CMA/3710/2025 of DEVIRAM S/O SHRI JOHARILAL, Vs BRAJMOHAN ALAIS KALLU S/O SHRI KEDARNATH, on 17 July 2026

Cites 0, Cited by 0

JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 3710/2025 CNR: RJHC020677432025 | URN: CMA / 6284U / 2025 Deviram S/o Shri Joharilal, Aged About 74 Years, R/o Village Ajaypura, Tehsil Kumher, District Bharatpur (Raj.), Presently R/o T-1, Third Floor, Shri Balaji

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN

BENCH AT JAIPUR

S.B. Civil Miscellaneous Appeal No. 3710/2025

CNR: RJHC020677432025 | URN: CMA / 6284U / 2025

Deviram S/o Shri Joharilal, Aged About 74 Years, R/o Village Ajaypura, Tehsil Kumher, District Bharatpur (Raj.), Presently R/o T-1, Third Floor, Shri Balaji Residency-11, Situated Plot No. 88, Ganesh Nagar-17, Niwaru Road, District Jaipur.

----Appellant/Claimant

Versus

1.

Brajmohan @ Kallu S/o Shri Kedarnath, Aged About 33

Years, R/o Indarpura, Police Station Kumher, Bharatpur (Raj.) (Driver Of Vehicle No. RJ-05-RC-2411)

2.

Sughad Singh S/o Shri Kartar Singh, R/o Village Lakhn Pangore, Tehsil Kumher, Bharatpur (Raj.) (Owner Of Vehicle No. RJ-05-RC-2411)

3.

United India Insurnce Company Ltd., Address Exhibition Road, Bharatpur-321001 (Raj.) Through Regional Manager, Office Regional Office, Policy No.

1414003120P113147446 Valid From 12.02.2021 To 11.02.2022.

----Non-Claimants/Respondents

For Appellant(s)

:

Mr. Bhanu Prakash Verma, Adv.

For Respondent(s)

:

Mr. Ram Singh Rathore, Adv. (for

Insurance Company)

HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE ASHUTOSH KUMAR

Citations and Judicial Treatment

No citing decisions in the index yet

Cited by

0

Decisions in the index citing it

Cites

0

Decisions referred to

In this index

0

Of the decisions it cites

Overruled / Questioned

0

No negative treatment found

Loading the citing and cited decisions…

Judgment

17/07/2026

vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh xbZ vihy esa vihykFkhZ }kjk jsLiksaMsaV uEcj&1 o 2 dh rkehy can fd;s tkus dk fuosnu fd;k x;kA vr% vihykFkhZ ds tksf[ke ij jsLiksaMsaV uEcj&1 o 2 dh rkehy “Dispense With” dh tkrh gSA mHk;i{kdkjku ds vf/koDrkx.k dh izkFkZuk ij izdj.k dks blh Lrj ij vafre fuLrkj.k gsrq lquk x;kA

[2026:RJ-JP:28585] (2 of 8)

vihykFkhZ nsohjke }kjk ;g vihy /kkjk 173 eksVj okgu vf/kfu;e&1988 ds rgr U;k;ky; fof'k"B U;k;k/kh'k] fizafVax ,oa LVs'kujh xcu izdj.k ,oa eksVj nq?kZVuk okn U;k;kf/kdj.k] t;iqj ftyk t;iqj ¼ftls vkxs ^fo}ku vf/kdj.k* ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ }kjk Dyse ;kfpdk la[;k&302@2023 ¼783@2022½ cmuoku nsohjke cuke czteksgu mQZ dYyw o vU; esa ikfjr fu.kZ; fnukad 16-05-2025 ¼ftls vkxs ^vk{ksfir fu.kZ;^ ds uke ls lacksf/kr fd;k tk,xk½ ds fo#) izLrqr dh xbZ gSA

vihykFkhZ nsohjke }kjk fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds le{k] eksVj okgu nq?kZVuk esa Lo;a ds vkgr gks tkus ds QyLo:i dqy 20]40]000@& #i;s Dyse izkIr djus gsrq Dyse ;kfpdk izLrqr dh x;h FkhA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr Dyse ;kfpdk dk fuLrkj.k djrs gq, ;kph dks dqy 3]00]000@& #i;s dh {kfriwfrZ jkf'k e; C;kt 06 izfr'kr lkykuk dh nj ls fnyokbZ x;h gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds mDr vk{ksfir fu.kZ; ls O;fFkr gksdj gLrxr vihy] vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus gsrq izLrqr dh x;h gSA

nkSjkus cgl fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dh dksbZ vk; fu/kkZfjr ugha dj =qfV dkfjr dh xbZ gS rFkk vihykFkhZ dks ,deq'r 3]00]000@& #i;s jkf'k crkSj {kfriwfrZ fnyokbZ xbZ gSA tcfd vihykFkhZ oDr ?kVuk fctyh foHkkx ls lsokfuo`Ÿk deZpkjh Fkk rFkk lsokfuo`Ÿkh i'pkr~ vihykFkhZ Ñf"k dk;Z o dwyj fjis;fjax dk dk;Z dj rFkk isa'ku Lo:i izfrekg 40]000@& #i;s vk; vftZr djrk Fkk] fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk mDr rF; ij dksbZ fopkj ugha fd;k x;kA fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds flj esa dkfjr xaHkhj pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ dks "Quadriplegia" ¼prqjkaxk?kkr½ gksuk vFkkZr~ xnZu ds uhps dk fgLlk] nksuksa gkFkksa o iSjksa dk ydokxzLr gks tkuk crk;k x;k gS] ftlds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ij dqy 90 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA

(3 of 8) [CMA-3710/2025] fo}ku vf/koDrk vihykFkhZ dk ;g Hkh rdZ jgk gS fd fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kk dh deh] ifjogu] ikSf"Vd vkgkj] ifjpkjd@lgk;d rFkk vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh enksa esa dksbZ jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA vr% vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy Lohdkj dh tkdj {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa c<+ksrjh fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA

blds foijhr fo}ku vf/koDrk izR;FkhZx.k dh vksj ls mijksDr rdkZsa dk fojks/k djrs gq, fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds fu.kZ; dh iqf"V fd;s tkus rFkk vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls lafLFkr dh x;h vihy dks [kkfjt fd;s tkus dh izkFkZuk dh x;hA

nksuksa i{kksa dh cgl lquh x;hA i=koyh o fo}ku vf/kdj.k ds vfHkys[k dk voyksdu fd;k x;kA

ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa dkfjr pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ij dqy 90 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gSA eksVj nq?kZVuk esa vkgr O;fDr;ksa dks {kfriwfrZ fnyok;s tkus ds lanHkZ esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk vius U;kf;d n`"Vkar Anant Son of Sidheswar Dukre Vs. Pratap son of Zhampannappa Lamzane & Anr. reported in (2018) 9 Supreme Court Cases 450, esa fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gS tks fuEu izdkj ls gS %& “12. In case of motor accidents leading to injuries and disablements, it is a well settled principle that a person must not only be compensated for his physical injury, but also for the non-pecuniary losses which he has suffered due to the injury. The claimant is entitled to be compensated for his inability to lead a full life, and enjoy those things and amenities which he would have enjoyed, but for the injuries.

13. The purpose of compensation under the Motor Vehicles Act is to fully and adequately restore the aggrieved to the position prior to the accident. This Court in Yadava Kumar v. National Insurance Co.

Ltd.

explained

“just compensation” in the following words: "15. It goes without saying that in matters of determination of compensation both the tribunal and the court are statutorily charged with a

(4 of 8) [CMA-3710/2025] responsibility of fixing a “just compensation”. It is obviously true that determination of a just compensation cannot be equated to a bonanza. At the same time the concept of “just compensation” obviously suggests application of fair and equitable principles and a reasonable approach on the part of the tribunals and courts. This reasonableness on the part of the tribunal and court must be on a large peripheral field.""

i=koyh ds voyksdu ls izdV gksrk gS fd ekeys dh ?kVuk fnukad 04-02-2022 dh crkbZ x;h gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 70 o"kZ dh vk;q dk gksuk crkrs gq, fctyh foHkkx ls lsokfuo`Ÿk gksdj] lsokfuo`Ÿkh i'pkr~ dwyj fjis;fjax dk dk;Z dj o isa'ku Lo:i izfrekg 40]000@& #i;s dh vk; vftZr djuk crk;k x;k gSA fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks izfrekg feyus okyh isa'ku dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, vihykFkhZ dks vk; dh dksbZ gkfu gksuk ugha ekudj vk; dh {kfr ds en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gS rFkk vihykFkhZ dks LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk ds QyLo:i ,deq'r 3]00]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k crkSj {kfriwfrZ fnyokbZ xbZ gSA bl laca/k esa gekjk ekuuk ;g gS fd ;|fi vihykFkhZ oDr ?kVuk lsokfuo`r deZpkjh gksdj isa'ku Lo:i 41]000@& #i;s ekfld isa'ku izkIr dj jgk Fkk] fdUrq og lsokfuo`Ÿkh i'pkr~ dqyj fjis;fjax dk dk;Z dj dqN u dqN vk; vftZr djrk gksxkA ,slh fLFkfr esa fo}ku vf/kdj.k dks vihykFkhZ }kjk mldh lsokfuo`Ÿkh i'pkr~ dh tkus okyh vk; dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, {kfriwfrZ dk fu/kkZj.k fd;k tkuk pkfg, FkkA ?kVuk fnukad 04-02-2022 dh crkbZ xbZ gS rFkk oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks lsokfuo`Ÿkh i'pkr~ dqyj fjis;fjax dk dk;Z djuk crk;k x;k gSA Je foHkkx }kjk o"kZ 2022 esa U;wure etnwjh dh dksbZ nj jktLFkku jkT; esa fu/kkZfjr ugha dh xbZ gSA o"kZ 2021 ds i'pkr~ o"kZ 2023 esa U;wure etnwjh dh njksa esa o`f) dh xbZ gSA o"kZ 2021 esa dq'ky Jfed dh nSfud vk; 283@& #i;s rFkk o"kZ 2023 esa 309@& #i;s izfrfnu jgh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] ?kVuk dh frfFk rFkk vihykFkhZ ds lsokfuo`Ÿkh i'pkr~ fd;s tkus okys dk;Z dh izÑfr dks n`f"Vxr j[krs oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks dq'ky Jfed dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkdj mldh

(5 of 8) [CMA-3710/2025] nSfud vk; 300@& #i;s] rn~uqlkj ekfld vk; 300 x 30 = 9]000@& #i;s fu/kkZfjr fd;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA Dyse ;kfpdk esa oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 70 o"kZ vk;q dk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; }kjk us'kuy ba';ksjsal dEiuh fyfeVsM cuke iz.k; lsBh o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2017½ 16 ,l-lh-lh- 680 ds ekeys esa 60 o"kZ rd ds vk;q oxZ ds O;fDr;ksa dh fu/kkZfjr vk; eas Hkfo"; o`f) fd;s tkus dk fl)kUr izfrikfnr fd;k gSA gLrxr ekeys esa oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dh vk;q 70 o"kZ crkbZ xbZ gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa vihykFkhZ dh fu/kkZfjr vk; esa dksbZ Hkfo"; o`f) fd;k tkuk mfpr izrhr ugha gksrk gSA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dh dqy ekfld vk; 9]000@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks {kfriwfrZ ds fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj jgsxhA

gLrxr nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa lk/kkj.k o xaHkhj pksVsa dkfjr gksuk crk;k x;k gS rFkk vihykFkhZ ds flj esa dkfjr xaHkhj pksV ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ dks "Quadriplegia" ¼prqjkaxk?kkr½ gksuk vFkkZr~ xnZu ds uhps dk fgLlk] nksuksa gkFkksa o nksuksa iSjksa dk ydokxzLr gks tkuk crk;k x;k gS] ftlds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ ds 'kjhj ij dqy 90 izfr'kr LFkk;h fu;ksZX;rk vkuk ik;k x;k gS] tSlk fd LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izek.k i= izn'kZ&13 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa fuf'pr :i ls vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; esa deh gksuk LokHkkfod gSA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dh ekfld vk; 9]000@& #i;s dk 90 izfr’kr 8]100@& #i;s gksrk gS] tks vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh ekfld {kfr gSA oDr ?kVuk vihykFkhZ dks 70 o"kZ vk;q dk gksuk crk;k x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ljyk oekZ o vU; cuke nsgyh VªkaliksVZ dkWiksZjs'ku o vU; fjiksVsZM bu ¼2009½ 6 ,l-lh-lh- 121 rFkk iz.k; lsBh ¼mijksDr½ ds ekeyksa esa izfrikfnr fl)kUr ds vuqlkj vihykFkhZ dh vk;q dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq,] vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh {kfriwfrZ dh x.kuk gsrq 5 dk xq.kd yxk;k tkuk visf{kr gSA rn~uqlkj vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; dh dqy {kfr 8]100 x 12 x 5 = 4]86]000@& #i;s gksrh gS] tks vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA

(6 of 8)

fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en eas 3]00]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k fnyokbZ xbZ gS] fdUrq fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa i`Fkd ls dksbZ jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA vr% 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa fnyokbZ xbZ 3]00]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k dks ge] 'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k rFkk Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa vkadk tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks mlds bykt ij O;; dh xbZ jkf'k ds en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA ekeys dh ?kVuk esa vihykFkhZ ds flj esa xaHkhj pksV dkfjr gksuk crk;k x;k gS] ftlds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ 20 fnol rd vLirky esa byktjr jgk gS] ftlds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ ds bykt ij jkf'k O;; gqbZ gksxhA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] bykt ij O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa ,deq'r 50]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa i`Fkd ls dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa dkfjr pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ fnukad 04-02-2022 ls 13-02-2022 rd 10 fnu rFkk fnukad 24-04-2022 ls 03-05-2022 rd 10 fnol] bl izdkj vihykFkhZ dqy 20 fnol rd vLirky esa HkrhZ jgk gSA vr% 20 fnol vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa ge] 600@& #i;s izfrfnu dh nj ls dqy 12]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks ikSf"Vd vkgkj rFkk ifjogu dh en eas i`Fkd ls dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vkbZ xaHkhj pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ dks fo'ks"k vkgkj dh vko';drk jgh gksxh o vihykFkhZ dks bykt gsrq vLirky vkuk&tkuk iM+k gksxkA vihykFkhZ dks ewy :i ls Hkjriqj dk fuoklh crk;k x;k gS rFkk vihykFkhZ dk bykt dqEgsj] Hkjriqj o t;iqj esa gqvk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh

(7 of 8) [CMA-3710/2025] en esa 30]000@& #i;s rFkk ;krk;kr o ifjogu dh en esa 20]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k i`Fkd ls vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk vihykFkhZ dks ifjpkjd@lgk;d dh en esa dksbZ jkf'k ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ dks dkfjr gqbZ xaHkhj pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ dks "Quadriplegia" ¼prqjkaxk?kkr½ gksuk vFkkZr~ xnZu ds uhps dk fgLlk] nksuksa gkFkksa o iSjksa dk ydokxzLr gks tkuk crk;k x;k gSA ftl dkj.k vihykFkhZ viuk 'ks"k thou nwljksa ds lgkjs thus gsrq ck/; gks x;k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] ifjpkjd@lgk;d dh en esa 2]00]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk 'kY; fpfdRlk dh en eas dksbZ jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks ugha fnyokbZ xbZ gSA ekeys dh ?kVuk esa dkfjr pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ ds flj dk vkWijs'ku fd;k tkuk crk;k x;k gS] ftldh iqf"V LFkkbZ fu;ksZX;rk izn'kZ&13 ls gksrh gSA vr% ,d vkWijs'ku dh en esa ge] 10]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

ekeys dh nq?kZVuk esa vihykFkhZ dks dkfjr gqbZ xaHkhj pksVksa ds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ dks "Quadriplegia" ¼prqjkaxk?kkr½ gksuk vFkkZr~ xnZu ds uhps dk fgLlk] nksuksa gkFkksa o iSjksa dk ydokxzLr gks tkuk crk;k x;k gS] ftlds QyLo:i vihykFkhZ dks Hkfo"; esa bykt dh vko';drk jgsxhA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge] Hkfo"; esa djok;s tkus okys bykt dh laHkkouk dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, mDr en esa 2]00]000@& #i;s dh jkf'k vihykFkhZ dks fnyok;k tkuk mfpr le>rs gSaA

mDrkuqlkj vihykFkhZ@DysesaV fuEu izdkj ls {kfriwfrZ jkf'k izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gS %& Øe la[;k 'kh"kZ@en bl fu.kZ; ds rgr fu/kkZfjr dh x;h jkf’k ¼#i;s esa½

Hkfo"; esa gksus okyh vk; vtZu dh {kerk esa deh ds en esa 4]86]000@&

'kkjhfjd o ekufld ihM+k dh en esa rFkk Hkfo"; eas gksus okyh lq[k&lqfo/kkvksa dh deh ds en esa 3]00]000@&

bykt ds nkSjku O;; gqbZ jkf'k ds en esa 50]000@&

[2026:RJ-JP:28585] (8 of 8)

vLirky esa HkrhZ jgus dh en esa 12]000@&

ikSf"Vd vkgkj dh en esa 30]000@&

;krk;kr o ifjogu ij O;; jkf'k ds en esa 20]000@&

ifjpkjd@lgk;d dh en esa 2]00]000@&

'kY; fpfdRlk dh en esa 10]000@&

Hkfo"; esa djok;s tkus okys bykt dh en esa 2]00]000@& bl U;k;ky; }kjk fu/kkZfjr dh xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k 13]08]000@& fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk fnyokbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k 3]00]000@& c<+ksrjh i'pkr {kfriwfrZ jkf'k esa varj 10]08]000@&

rnuqlkj vihykFkhZ dh vksj ls izLrqr vihy vkaf’kd :i ls Lohdkj dh tkdj fo}ku vf/kdj.k }kjk ikfjr iapkV] ftlds }kjk vihykFkhZ@DysesaV dks 3]00]000@& :i;s fnyok;s tkus dk vkns'k ikfjr fd;k x;k gS] ds LFkku ij 13]08]000@& :i;s dk iapkV ikfjr fd;k tkrk gSA mDr jkf'k ij fu;ekuqlkj vk;dj dVkSrh dh tkosxhA vihykFkhZ }kjk iwoZ esa izkIr dh x;h jkf’k dks iapkV jkf’k esa ls lek;ksftr fd;k tkdj 'ks"k jkf’k vihykFkhZ izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh ik;k tkrk gSaA

bl fu.kZ; }kjk c<+kbZ xbZ {kfriwfrZ jkf'k ij ;kfpdk nk;j djus dh frfFk ls vihykFkhZ] 08 izfr'kr okf"kZd C;kt izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gSA

rnuqlkj ;g vihy fuLrkfjr dh tkrh gSA

lHkh yfEcr izkFkZuk&i=ksa dks Hkh mijksDrkuqlkj fuLrkfjr fd;k tkrk gSA (ASHUTOSH KUMAR),J 144-S/LOKESH RAJ

You have used today's free searches. Sign in, for free, to keep searching without a limit.

Compass reads the judgments for you and finds the paragraphs for and against your question. Sign in to use it.

My Vault follows judgments for you and records every later decision that cites them. Sign in to keep one.

Sign in to download the court's PDF. The full text stays free to read here.

Sign in, for free, to download the court copy. Reading the full text here stays open to everyone.

Search and read Indian judgments without limits, save them to My Vault and find the relevant paragraphs with Compass.

Open the sign-in page instead