Himachal Pradesh High Court

CS/25/2018 on 30 December 2019

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IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA Civil Suit No.: 25 of 2018 Reserved on:

11.12.2019 Date of Decision: 30.12.2019 ______________________________________________________________________ Shri Angad Wason ….Plaintiff. Vs. Shri Rajneesh Jain …..Defendant.

Coram:

The Hon’ble Mr. Justice Ajay Mohan Goel, Judge Whether approved for reporting?1 No. For the plaintiff:

Mr. Satyen Vaidya, Senior Advocate, with Mr. Varun Chauhan, Advocate. For the respondent: Defendant is ex parte.

Ajay Mohan Goel, Judge (Oral):

By way of this suit, the plaintiff has prayed for a decree of Rs.50,00,000/­ alongwith pendente lite interest and future interest @ 18% per annum against the defendant.

2. The case of the plaintiff is that in the month of November, 2015, defendant contacted the plaintiff and offered to sell an Industrial Plot No. 205, measuring 500 square yards approximately, situated at Industrial Area Baddi, District Solan, H.P., being an authorized partner of M/s Baoji Foot Fashion, i.e., the allottee of above Industrial Plot. The defendant claimed his legal right, title, interest and 1Whether the reporters of the local papers may be allowed to see the Judgment?

authority to transfer the rights of original allottee in favour of the said Industrial Plot. Plaintiff bonafidely believed the representations made by the defendant and agreed to purchase the said plot from the defendant and a deal was struck at Rs.65.00 lacs and an agreement to sell the aforesaid plot for a total sale consideration of Rs.65.00 lacs was executed by the defendant in favour of the plaintiff on 21.12.2015. As per the plaintiff, at the time of execution of the said agreement, plaintiff paid a sum of Rs.25.00 lacs as earnest money to the defendant out of the total agreed sale consideration of Rs.65.00/­. Thereafter, a sum of Rs.15.00 lacs was paid in cash and a sum of Rs.10.00/­ lacs was transferred to the account of defendant from the account of plaintiff through RTGS dated 21.12.2015. Receipt of an amount of Rs.25.00 lacs was duly acknowledged by the defendant in the presence of his father. The time for execution of sale deed was fixed as twelve months as from the date of execution of the agreement. The reason as to why the same was agreed upon, was that the defendant had requested and proclaimed that as he was running his business from the property agreed to be sold, he would require at least twelve months’ time to wind up said business to be in a position to hand over the vacant possession of the property to the defendant. Defendant had also agreed to obtain necessary permission for sale of the aforesaid Industrial Plot from the authorized/original promoter/management with the promise to furnish requisite documents at least 15 days prior to the last date of performance of agreement dated

21.12.2015. The plot in issue was owned by the Himachal Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation, who allotted the same to M/s Baoji Foot Fashion. As demonetization of currency took place in the country before the end of period of performance of agreement dated 21.12.2015, the defendant on the said pretext expressed his inability to wind up his business before 21.12.2016 and plaintiff accordingly agreed to extend the period of performance of aforesaid agreement till 31.03.2017. Plaintiff had made all arrangements for payment of balance sale consideration to the defendant before 15th March, 2017. He tried to contact the defendant, however, the defendant did not respond. Defendant also did not come forward with the requisite permission of the Himachal Pradesh State Industries Development Corporation to complete the sale transaction. As per the plaintiff, he was always ready and willing to perform his part of the agreement to sell dated 21.12.2015. Vide Legal Notice dated 18.03.2017, the defendant was called upon to perform his part of the agreement, but he did not respond to the same. Thereafter, plaintiff waited for more than reasonable period for the defendant to come forward to perform his part of the agreement dated 21.12.2015. However, the defendant failed to take any step in this regard, which demonstrated that the defendant was not interested in transferring the property in question to the plaintiff and in fact had duped the plaintiff of substantial amount of money. According to the plaintiff, as per the terms of agreement to sell dated 21.12.2015, any default on the part of the defendant or his failure to comply with terms and conditions stipulated therein, entitled the plaintiff either to seek specific performance of agreement through process of law or claim double the amount of earnest money paid to the defendant. Further, as per the plaintiff, he had planned to purchase the property in question from the defendant for a specific purpose, which was frustrated on account of default committed by the defendant. Plaintiff accordingly sought the relief of recovery of Rs.50.00 lacs, i.e., doubt the amount of earnest money paid by him to the defendant. As per the plaintiff, he was entitled to recover the said amount from the defendant in terms of agreement dated 21.12.2015 and as the defendant had illegally withheld the said amount from the plaintiff, therefore, defendant was also liable to pay interest on the said amount @18% per annum from the date of filing of the suit till actual realization. According to the plaintiff, the suit property was situated within the territorial jurisdiction of this Court and further the cause of action arose in his favour on 31.03.2017 for the first time when defendant failed to perform his part of the agreement dated 21.12.2015 and was continuing on each and every successive day, as the default of the defendant was persisting. He has accordingly prayed for a decree of Rs.50,00,000/­ alongwith interest pendente lite and future @ 18 % per annum.

3. Despite service of notice upon the defendant, he chose not to appear before the Court, therefore, he was ordered to be proceeded against ex parte vide order dated 28.06.2018.

4. In support of his case, the plaintiff entered into the witness box as PW­1. He stated in the Court on oath that he was working as a Payroll Specialist in Multi National Company (MNC) and he knew defendant Rajneesh Jain, whom he had met through his maternal uncle in November, 2015 at Delhi. He deposed that defendant intended to sell Industrial Plot No. 205, measuring 500 Sq. Yards alongwith Factory being run upon the same in the name and style of M/s Baoji Foot Fashions, situated at Industrial Area Baddi, District Solan, H.P. He deposed that defendant was an authorized partner of the said concern and he had claimed to be competent and authorized to transfer the rights of original allottee, i.e., M/s Baoji Foot Fashion in respect of the Industrial Plot in issue. Plaintiff further stated that the offer of the defendant was accepted by him and a deal was finalized for a sum of Rs.65,00,000/­ at Delhi itself. An agreement to sell was reduced into writing and he accepted the said agreement on record as Ex. PW1/A. He identified his signatures upon the said agreement as well as signatures upon the same of the defendant. He deposed that the agreement was signed in the presence of his brother­in­law (his sister’s husband) Shri Sarbjeet Singh and one Shri N.N. Jain, father of the defendant. He further deposed that said persons had also signed the agreement as attesting witnesses. He stated that he had made payment of Rs.25,00,000/­ as earnest money to the defendant, out of the total agreed sale consideration of Rs.65,00,000/­. He further stated that Rs.15,00,000/­ was paid in cash, whereas Rs.10,00,000/­

was transferred to the account of defendant through R.T.G.S. on 21st December, 2015 and receipt of an amount of Rs.25,00,000/­ stood acknowledged by the defendant by way of an endorsement after para­4 at page­3 of the agreement Ex. PW1/A itself. He further stated that execution of the sale deed was agreed to be performed within one year from the date of signing of the agreement. The agreement was signed on 21st December, 2015. He further stated that this period was extended upon to 31st March, 2017 on the request of the defendant. He further stated that the extension in time was granted to the defendant for the purpose of execution of sale deed, as defendant intended to wind up his business and clear all encumbrances thereupon and also for obtaining No Objection Certificates for the purpose of sale of the suit property from the department concerned and H.P.S.I.D.C. He also stated that No Objection Certificates were to be obtained by the defendant. He also stated that during the period of agreement, he had sufficient means to make good the balance payment of the sale consideration and even during the extended period, he had the means to pay the sale consideration. He further stated that he was ready and willing to pay the balance consideration and to perform his part of the agreement, however, defendant was resisting performance of his part. He further deposed that he was asking the defendant to execute the sale deed since February, 2017, however, defendant was not responding, which led to issuance of Legal Notice dated 18th March, 2017, which was issued by him to the defendant calling upon him to execute the sale deed. Copy of the notice stands exhibited by him as Ex. PW1/C. Receipt of the Courier Company was exhibited as Ex. PW1/D. This witness also exhibited the receipt of payment of Rs.15,00,000/­ as Ex. PW1/B, whereupon, he identified the signatures of the defendant. He further deposed that as per the terms of the agreement to sell, he was entitled for double of the amount paid by him to the defendant, from the defendant alongwith interest, as defendant had failed to perform his part of the agreement. Accordingly, he prayed for a decree of recovery of Rs.50,00,000/­ alongwith interest @18% per annum till full and final realization of the amount.

5. Agreement to sell dated 21st December, 2015 is on record as Ex.PW1/A, perusal thereof demonstrates that defendant had agreed to sell to the plaintiff property bearing Plot No. 25, Admeasuring about 500 sq. metres in Industrial Area Baddi, District Solan, H.P. for an amount of Rs.65,00,000/­. It was mentioned in the agreement to sell that defendant, who was partner of M/s Baoji Foot Fashions, 205, HPSIDC, Baddi, District Solan, H.P., was duly authorized to enter into the said agreement with the plaintiff. In Clause­4 of the agreement, it stood mentioned that out of the total sale consideration of Rs.65,00,000/­, an amount of Rs.25,00,000/­ being earnest money stood stood received by the defendant from the first party in the following manner:

(a) Rs.15,00,000/­ (Rupees Fifteen lacs only) at the time of execution of agreement on 21.12.2015; and

(b) An amount of Rs.10,00,000/­ (Rupees Ten Lacs only) by way of RTGS.

This agreement further stipulated that twelve months from the date of execution of the agreement was the time agreed for the purpose of contractual obligations and in the event of any default on the part of the first party to comply with the terms and conditions of the agreement, the plaintiff was entitled to seek completion of the contract through Court of law and he was further having the option of claiming double amount of earnest money. It was also stipulated in the agreement that if the second party, i.e., the plaintiff failed to pay the balance consideration within agreed time, then the first party, i.e., the defendant was entitled to forfeit the earnest money.

6. Ex. PW1/B is the Cash Receipt, in which, Rajneesh Jain has acknowledged the receipt of Rs.15,00,000/­ in cash from the plaintiff on 21.12.2015. Defendant has signed this receipt in his capacity as partner of M/s Baoji Foot Fashions.

7. Ex. PW1/C is the copy of Legal Notice dated 18th March, 2017, vide which, the plaintiff had called upon the defendant to contact him and execute the sale deed of the suit property within 15 days as from the receipt of the Notice.

8. Ex. PW1/D is the receipt of Courier Company with respect to dispatch and delivery of the said notice.

9. The facts narrated hereinabove clearly demonstrate that in terms of agreement Ex. PW1/A, the defendant had agreed to sell the suit property to the plaintiff for an amount of Rs.65,00,000/­. As on the date when the agreement to sell was executed, an amount of Rs.25,00,000/­stood received by the defendant as earnest money from the plaintiff. It was further provided in the agreement that in case the defendant failed to perform his part of the agreement, then the plaintiff would be entitled for double the amount of the earnest money, which stood paid to the defendant by the plaintiff.

10. There is on record Legal Notice Ex. PW1/C, dated 18th March, 2017, vide which, plaintiff called upon the defendant to perform his part of the agreement by executing the sale deed. It was specifically mentioned in the Legal Notice that the plaintiff was willing to perform his part of the agreement, i.e., ready and willing to pay the balance amount of sale consideration. Despite this, defendant did not execute the sale deed. As I have already mentioned above, despite service of notice upon the defendant, which he has refused to accept, defendant chose not to appear before the Court to defend the suit.

11. The above facts clearly demonstrate that defendant despite having received an amount of Rs.25,00,000/­ as earnest money in lieu of the execution of agreement to sell dated 21.12.2015 Ex.PW1/A, failed to execute the sale deed despite issuance of Legal Notice to him by the plaintiff Ex.PW1/C. This clearly demonstrates that the defendant has violated the terms and conditions of the agreement to sell.

12. It is not in dispute that the suit land is situated within the territorial jurisdiction of this Court and further, this Court has pecuniary jurisdiction to adjudicate upon the suit. The suit is within limitation, as Legal Notice was issued by the plaintiff to the defendant for execution of the sale deed on 18th March, 2017, calling upon the defendant to execute the sale deed within fifteen days as from the date of receipt of notice. As per Courier Receipt Ex. PW1/D, the notice stood delivered on 21st March, 2017. The suit was filed on 17th March, 2018, meaning thereby that the same was filed within twelve months as from the date of delivery of the said notice upon the defendant and thus, the suit is within limitation.

13. Accordingly, this suit is decreed with costs and a decree of Rs.50,00,000/­ is passed in favour of the plaintiff. As far as the grant of interest is concerned, though the plaintiff has prayed for 18% interest per annum, however, a perusal of the agreement to sell demonstrates that no rate of interest was agreed to by the parties in the event of any default. Accordingly, as the Court is of the opinion that 18% interest, as claimed by the plaintiff, is on the higher side, therefore, 9% simple interest as from the date of filing of the suit as interest pendente lite and future interest till actual payment of the amount by the defendant, is granted in favour of the plaintiff and against the defendant. Decree sheet be prepared accordingly.

(Ajay Mohan Goel)

Judge December 30, 2019 (bhupender)

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