NUTTAKI SESHARATNAM versus SUB-COLLECTOR, LAND ACQUISTION VIJAYAWADA AND ORS. on 31 October 1991

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-NUTAKKI SESHARATANAM

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OCTOBER 31,1991SUB-COLLECTOR, LAND ACQUISITION VIJAYAWADAAND ORS.

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_(M.H.KANIA AND R-M.SAHAI,JJV.J

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Land Acquisition Act, 1894: Section 4(1)—{As amended by AndhraPradesh (Amendment) Act, 1983).©Oo_

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Land Acquisition—Notification——Publication ofsubstance ofNotifi-cation within 40 days from the date ofNotification is mandatory—Non-compliance vitiates the acquisition.Se —

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Acquisition Proceedings—Consent given for acquisition of.land—Nature and effect of—Held consent amounts to offer in terms of theContract Act—Can be withdrawn before it is accepted..

andProceedings for acquisitionof appellant’s land were initiated, D1894 wasa Notification published under in the section Government 4(1) of the Gazette. Land AcquisitioThe substacen Act, ofthe said Notification was published in the locality long after 40 dayswithin which it was required to be published under Section 4(1) of1894 Actas amended by the Andhra Pradesh(Amendment) Act, 1983.During the course of enquiry regarding the fixation of compensa-Etion, the appellant consented to his land being acquired provided hewas given compensation in a lump-sum. However, before any awardwas made he withdrew his consent and filed a petition challeagingthe validity of the acquisition proceedings. A Single Judge of theHigh Court dismissed his petition by holding that since he gave hisconsent to the acquisition of land he could not challenge the acquisi-Ftion proceedings. On appeal the decision of the Single Judge wasconfirmed by the Division Bench of the High Court. Against thedecision of the Division Bench of the High Courf, an appeal wasfiled in this Court.

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Allowing the appeal, this Court,

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HELD: 1. The Single Judge and the Division Bench of th. HighCourt were clearly in error in dismissing the respective writ peti-tion and the appeal filed by the appellant respectively. The appel-lant’s statement — that he was willing to accept the acquisitionprovided a lump-sum compensation was awarded to him — amounted H

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A in law to no more than an offer in terms of the Contract Act. The said offer was never accepted by the Land Acquisition Officer to whom it was made. Leave alone, making the award of lump-sum compensation, no award at all was made by the said officer award-ing compensation to the appellant till the aforesaid offer w.as with-drawn by the appellant or even tm the writ petition was filed. Till B the offer was accepted there was no contract between the parties and the appellant was entitled to withdraw bis offer. There was nothing inequitable or improper in withdrawing the offer, as the appellant was in no way bound to keep the offer open indefinitely. [117 G-H, 118-A)

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2. The acquisition of the appellant's land is bad in law be- cause the substance of the Notification was not published in the locality within forty days of the publication of the Notification in the Government Gazette. The time-limit of forty days for such pub-lication in the locality has been made mandatory by section 4(1) of the 1894 Act as amended by the Andhra Pradesh (Amendment) Act, D 1983. Such non-compliance renders acquisition bad in law. (118-C)

CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION: Civil Appeal No. 1720 of 1986.

From the Judgment and Order dated 5.7.1985 of the Andhra Pradesh E High Court in Writ Appeal No. 577of1985.

B. Kanta Rao for the Appellant.

K. Madhava Reddy and G. Prabhakar for the Respondents.

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The Judgment of the Court was delivered by KANIA, J. This is an appeal by Special Leave from the judgment of a Division Bench of the Andhra Pradesh High Court dismissing the Writ Appeal No.577of1985 filed in that Court.

G Very few facts are necessary for the disposal of this appeal.

The appellant is the owner of a plot comprising roughly 2 acres of land in Ramavarappadu village, Vijayawada Taluk, in the Krishna District in Andhra Pradesh. The Government of Andhra Pradesh sought to acquire about I acre and 89. cents out of the aforesaid land for a public purpose. A H Notification under section 4(1) of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (herein-after referred to as "the said Act") was published in the Government r •

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Gazette on February 9, 1976. The substance of the said notification was A published in the locality where the land proposed to be acquired is situ-ated, on April 2; 1978, long after the period of 40 days within which it was required to be published as per the provisions of section 4(1) of the said Act as amended by the Andhra Pradesh (Amendment) Act, 1983, (Act 9 of 1983). Enquiry under section SA of.the said Act was dispensed with invoking the urgency clause as per section 17(4) of the said Act. Notifica-B tion under section 6 was published on the same day as the publication of the notification under section 4(1) of the said Act. An inquiry was con-ducted regarding the fixation of compensation to be awarded to the appel-lant and others whose lands were acquired under the said notification. It appears that during the course of the said inquiry the ap~llant stated to the Land Acquisition Officer concerned that he was willing to agree to the c land being acquired provided he was given compensation in a lump-sum. Probably, the reason was that ifthe compensation was awarded in a lump-sum without delay, the appellant might have been able to purchase some other land, as his holding was under the ceiling limit. The aforesaid facts have been found by the Trial Court and accepted by the High Court. On November 9, 1979, before any rward was made, the consent to the acqui-D sition of the land given by the appellant, as aforestated, was withdrawn by him and on May 14, 1981, the appellant filed a writ petition in the High Court questioning the validity of the land acquisition proceedings. The learned Single Judge befor~ whom the said .writ petition along with an-other writ petition came up for hearing held that the appellant had agreed to the acquisition of the said land on compensation being paid as aforestated, E and hence it was not open to the appellant to challenge the validity of the said notifications issued under section 4(1) and section 6 of the said Act. It was held by him that the withdrawal of the said representation or consent by the appellant did not in any manner assist him. The learned Judge dismissed the writ petition filed by the appellant without going into the meri~ of the aforesaid petition on the aforesaid basis. This judgment F was upheld by the Division Bench of the High Court which dismissed the aforesaid writ appeal. It is the correctness of these decisions which is impugned before us.

In our view, the learned Single Judge and the Division Bench of the High Court of Andhra Pradesh were, with respect, clearly in error in dismissing the respective writ petition and the appeal filed by the appel-lant on the ground that the appellant had stated that he was willing to accept the acquisition provided a lump-rum compensation was awarded to him. The statement of the appellant amounted in law to no more than.an offer in terms of the Contract Act. The said offer was never accepted by the Land Acquisition Officer to whom it was made. Leave alone, making G

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118 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (1991) SUPP. 2 S.C.R.

A the award of lump-sum compensation, no award at all was. made by the said officer awarding compensation tothe appellant till November 9, 1979, when the aforesaid offer was withdrawn by the appellant or even till the writ petition was filed. Till the offer was accepted there was no contract between the parties and the appellant was entitled to withdraw his offer. There was nothing inequitable or improper in withdrawing the offer, as B the appellant was in no way bound to keep the offer open indefinitely. The writ petition, therefore, ought not to have been dismissed on the ground of the appellant having made a statement or consented as aforestated before the Land Acquisition Officer.

On the merits, it is clear that the acquisition of the land is bad in law c because the substance of the notification under section 4(1) of the said Act was not published in the locality within forty days of the publication of the notification in the Government Gazette. The time-limit of forty days for such publication in the locality has been made mandatory by section 4(1) of the said Act as amended by the Andhra Pradesh (Amendment) Act. It is well-settled that such non-compliance renders acquisition bad in law.

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In the result, the appeal succeeds and Rule in the writ petition is made absolute. It is declared that the acquisition of the aforesaid land of the appellant is bad in law. If the possession has been taken, the ~e must be returned fu the appellant.

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The appeal is allowed as aforestated with costs through.out.

T.N.A.

Appeal Allowed.

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